The successful exploitation of CVE-2024-23917 in JetBrains TeamCity can have severe consequences due to its critical nature, primarily involving an authentication bypass that could lead to remote code execution (RCE). The impact of such an exploitation could include:

1. Unauthorized Access: Attackers could bypass authentication mechanisms to gain unauthorized access to the TeamCity server, potentially allowing them to view, modify, or delete sensitive data.

2. Remote Code Execution: The most critical impact of this vulnerability is the potential for attackers to execute arbitrary code on the server hosting TeamCity. This could enable them to install malware, create new accounts with full user rights, or take complete control of the affected systems.

3. Data Breach: Successful exploitation could lead to the disclosure of confidential information, source code, credentials, or other sensitive data managed by TeamCity, posing significant risks to intellectual property and privacy.

4. System Compromise: The ability to execute code remotely can allow attackers to compromise not only the TeamCity server but also potentially spread to other parts of the network, leading to a broader compromise of organizational systems.

5. Reputation Damage and Financial Loss: The fallout from a successful attack may include reputational damage to the organization, loss of customer trust, and potential financial losses due to the costs associated with responding to the breach, legal liabilities, and remediation efforts.

Given these potential impacts, organizations using affected versions of JetBrains TeamCity are strongly advised to apply the available patches or upgrade to secure versions promptly to mitigate the risks associated with CVE-2024-23917.